What is CPM Chlorpheniramine Maleate used for?

In the pharmaceutical industry, Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM), typically manufactured in 4 mg tablets or as a syrup (2 mg/5 ml), is a classic first-generation H1-receptor antagonist of the alkylamine class. As a pharmacist, I characterize CPM as a versatile, high-potency antihistamine that is particularly valued for its rapid onset and its role as a “gold standard” ingredient in multi-action cold and flu formulations.

Primary Clinical Uses

• Allergic Rhinitis: Effective relief from seasonal and perennial allergies, including sneezing, runny nose, and itchy/watery eyes.

• Urticaria and Angioedema: Used to manage skin allergies, hives, and localized swelling.

• Common Cold Symptoms: Frequently combined with decongestants and antipyretics (like Paracetamol) to reduce nasal secretions and “drying up” a runny nose.

• Allergic Conjunctivitis: Relief of ocular itching and redness.

• Anaphylactic Reactions: Used as adjunctive therapy (after Epinephrine) to control secondary allergic symptoms.

Mechanism of Action

CPM works by competitively blocking the H1-receptor sites on effector cells. By preventing histamine from binding to these receptors, it inhibits:

1. Vascular permeability: Reducing swelling and fluid leakage.

2. Smooth muscle contraction: Relieving respiratory and gastrointestinal constriction.

3. Sensory nerve stimulation: Eliminating the “itch” sensation.

Unlike second-generation antihistamines (like Cetirizine), CPM readily crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier, which accounts for its significant sedative effect. This “side effect” is often utilized clinically to help patients sleep when allergy symptoms are severe.

The Manufacturer’s Perspective: Formulation & Export

From a manufacturing and global trade standpoint, CPM is a core essential for any pharmaceutical portfolio:

• API Versatility: CPM is a highly stable salt. As a WHO-GMP manufacturer, we utilize it in various dosage forms, from standalone 4 mg tablets to complex multi-ingredient “Cold & Flu” syrups and tablets.

• Dose Precision: Because CPM is potent at low doses, we ensure absolute content uniformity through validated micro-blending techniques during the granulation process.

• Global Export Stability: CPM is remarkably robust. We utilize PVC/PVDC or Alu-Alu blister packaging to guarantee a 36-month shelf life, even in the most challenging Zone IVb (hot and humid) environments across Africa and Southeast Asia.

• B2B & Tender Supply: CPM is a high-volume “Essential Medicine.” Our Mumbai-based facility provides full CTD/eCTD Dossier support, making it a staple for government tenders and international B2B distributors.